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How Professional Armies Reshaped Europe and the World

Europe, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, entered a long era of fragmentation and confusion—what later historians called the Dark Ages. Political authority became weak and localized, tied to small lords, tribal chieftains, and feudal obligations. Armies were temporary bodies assembled for a season, unreliable and loosely organized, often fighting only when personal...

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The Silent Burnout Crisis Among Youth

Youth, built on ambition but bound by exhaustion, stands at the edge of quiet collapse A generation built on hope now finds itself overworked, underheard and quietly fading behind screens and degrees. There is a stillness around Pakistan’s youth today, not of peace but of numbness shaped by constant striving and unseen deprivation. Beneath the...

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Capitalism in Crisis

Capitalism today stands at a crossroads, weighed down by contradictions that threaten both its legitimacy and survival. For decades, the system has promised prosperity, innovation, and freedom, yet what we see around us is inequality, ecological breakdown, and repeated financial crises. The global pandemic further revealed the fragility of markets and the centrality of the...

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an interview — of me, with myself

November 7th is my late father’s birthday. I have dedicated my upcoming book, “The Abandoned Pakistanis: 1971, Betrayal and Statelessness,” to him to his unwavering values, quiet strength, and love for truth. On this day that holds both memory and meaning, I take a small liberty: to imagine an interview — of me, with myself....

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Internal unrest and victory of Mamdani

American system swings between two extremes, either internationalist or isolationists. Both have worked on their policies. Before the First World War, the isolationists were dominant in the system. America was inward-looking, concerned only with its own continent, protected by two oceans and confident that European conflicts were not its business. But when the country emerged...

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Declining US System: Global Consequences

The United States has long represented not just a nation but a system — an intricate web of military, economic, and technological dominance that shaped the post–World War II order. From the Bretton Woods financial structure to the creation of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank, America built the architecture...

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LinkedIn Where Dreams Turn into Professions

The world is changing rapidly, and with it human connections, sources of employment and the entire concept of professional life have evolved. There was a time when people searched for jobs through newspaper ads or relied on recommendations from friends and acquaintances. But now we live in an era where your career, opportunities, and success...